Europe’s energy crisis has entered a new phase as a result of conflicts in the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea, ranging from fuel shortages and surging diesel prices in France to declining gas reserves ahead of winter and rising risks around the Strait of Hormuz and Bab al-Mandab. The simultaneous impact of these shocks is putting energy, transportation and commodity costs under pressure across Europe, pushing the continent closer to a crisis as the cold season approaches.Read More
